A disc sits between each vertebra, and sometimes part of the disc can herniate and press on a nerve

This surgery removes only the portion of the disc that has herniated

Less than 5% of the disc is typically removed

Done under general anesthesia

A small incision (about 1 inch) is made in the lower back

A minimally invasive retractor and microscope are used

A small amount of bone and ligament is removed to access the nerve

The herniated disc fragment is removed, relieving pressure on the nerve

Patients typically go home the same day

First 4–6 weeks: Gradually and mindfully increase activity

Most patients return to normal activity by 6 weeks

Even higher-level activities and sports can typically resume around this time

85–90% of patients experience significant pain relief

Relief often comes from removing pressure on the nerve

Most patients return to their normal lifestyle relatively quickly

Small risk of spinal fluid leak (less than 2%)

Rare risk of nerve injury

Possible fluid collection after surgery (very uncommon)

About 10% of patients may experience a re-herniation of the disc

• This can often be treated if it occurs